What is the recommended screening frequency for diabetic retinopathy?

• A. Annual dilated eye exams starting at diagnosis; more frequent if risk factors present
• B. Quarterly dilated eye exams
• C. Every five years
• D. Only when symptoms appear

Answer: (A)

Regular screening with a dilated eye exam is essential for people with diabetes because retinal changes can develop silently and, if caught early, treatment can prevent vision loss. The recommended approach is an annual dilated eye exam starting at diagnosis, with more frequent exams if risk factors are present (such as longer duration of diabetes, poor blood sugar control, hypertension, pregnancy, or a previous history of retinopathy). Quarterly exams would be excessive for routine screening, and waiting five years or waiting for symptoms to appear risks missing changes that are easier to treat early.